Loading...

News

Understanding Tax Rates for the Tax Year 2023

5 min read
Legal Expert
Understanding Tax Rates for the Tax Year 2023

As Amended upto 01-07-2022

FOR THE TAX YEAR - 2022-23

Section 37A Tax on Capital Gains on sale of Securities

Holding PeriodRate of tax for Tax Year 2023 and onwards
Less than one year15%
One year to Two years12.5%
Two years to Three years10%
Three years to Four years7.5%
Four years to Five years5%
Five to Six years2.5%
Exceeds Six year0%
Future commodity contracts entered by members of PMX5%

 

Gain on securities acquired on or before June 30, 2022, irrespective of holding period. 12.5%

 

Capital Gains under Section 37
 

Holding periodOpen PlotsConstructed PropertyFlats
Less than one year15%15%15%
One year to Two years12.5%10%7.5%
Two years to three years10%7.5%0%
Three years to Four years7.5%5%-
Four years to Five years5%0%-
Five to Six years2.5%--
Exceeds Six years 0%--

Section 7E                                      Tax on deemed incme                                         20%

Section 113 minimum tax

Person(s)Tax as %age of annual turnover
a. SNGPL and SSGCL (annual turnover exceeds Rs. 1. bilion
b. PIA
c. poultry industry including poultry breeding, broiler production, egg production and poultry feed production
0.75%
a. Oil refineries
b. Motorcycle dealer (Sales Tax Registered)
c. Oil Marketing companies
0.50%
a. Distributors of pharmaceutical products, FMCG and cigarettes
b. Petroleum agents and distributors (Sales Tax Registered)
c. Rice mills and dealers;
d. Teir-1 Retailers of FMCG (Integrated with FBR’s software for real time reporting)
e. Person’s turnover from supplies through e commerce including running online market place.
f. Persons engaged in trading of used vehicles; and
g. Flour mills.
h. Distributors, dealers, sub-dealers, wholesalers and retailers of fast-moving consumer goods, fertilizer, electronics excluding mobile phones, sugar, cement, steel, and edible oil if appearing on ATL issued under STA, 1990, ITO, 2001. Tier-1 Retailers integrated with FBR’s software for real time reporting. (Second Schedule)
0.25%
In all other cases1.25%

Section 101A Gain on disposal of assets outside Pakistan

Person acquiring asset from Non-resident Company10% of the FMV of the asset
Resident Company from Non-residentHigher of 20% of FMV less cost of acquisition; or 10% of FMV of the asset. (Note: the credit for tax deducted as above will be available)

Section 148

DescriptionRate
Persons importing goods classified in Part I of the Twelfth Schedule1% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax and federal excise duty
Manufacturers covered under SRO 1125(I)/2011 dated December 31, 2011 (as it stood on June 28, 2019)
Importers of CKD kits of electric vehicles for small cars or SUVs with 50 kwh battery or below and LCVs with 150 kwh battery or below
Persons importing goods classified in Part II of the Twelfth Schedule2% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax and federal excise duty except commercial importers
In case of commercial importers3.5% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax and federal excise duty
Others2% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax and federal excise duty
Persons importing goods classified in Part III of the Twelfth Schedule5.5% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax and federal excise duty
Persons importing finished pharmaceutical that are not manufactured in Pakistan, as certified by DRAP 4%

Section 148 imports of Mobile Phones

Sr. No.C & F Value of mobile phone (In US Dollar)Tax (in Rs.)
 
In CBU condition PCT Heading 8517.1219In CKD/SKD condition under PCT Heading 8517.1211
1Up to 30 except smart phones700
2Exceeding 30 and up to 100 and smart phones up to 1001000
3Exceeding 100 and up to 2009300
4Exceeding 200 and up to 3509700
5Exceeding 350 and up to 5005,0003,000
6Exceeding 50011,5005,200

Section 149 Salary
(Where salary income exceeds 75% of the taxable income)

Up to 600,0000%
600,000 - 1,200,0002.5% of the amount above 600,000
1,200,001 - 2,400,00015,000 + 12.5% of the amount above 1,200,000
2,400,001 - 3,600,000165,000 + 20% of the amount above 2,400,000
3,600,001 - 6,000,000405,000 + 25% of the amount above 3,600,000
6,000,000 - 12,000,0001,005,000 + 32.5% of the amount above 6,000,000
Above 12,000,0002,955,000 + 35% of the amount above 12,000,000

Rate of tax for individual (non-salaried) and AOP's

0 - 600,0000%
600,001 - 800,0005% of the amount above 600,000
800,001 - 1,200,00010,000 + 12.5% of the amount above 800,000
1,200,001 - 2,400,00060,000 + 17.5% of the amount above 1,200,000
2,400,001 - 3,000,000270,000 + 22.5% of the amount above 2,400,000
3,000,000 - 4,000,000405,000 + 27.5% of the amount above 3,000,000
4,000,000 - 6,000,000680,000 + 32.5% of the amount above 4,000,000
Above 6,000,0001,330,000 + 35% of the amount above 6,000,000

Rate of tax for Companies:

Small company20%
Banking company39%
Any other company29%

Rate of Super tax (Section 4B)

 Banking CompanyPerson, other than Banking Company, having income equal to or exceeding Rs. 500 mllion 
2018 4%3%
20194%2%
20204%0%
2021 and 20224%0%

Rate of Super tax on high earning persons (Section 4C)

0 - 150,000,0000% of the income
150,000,001 - 200,000,0001% of the income
200,000,001 - 250,000,0002% of the income
250,000,001 - 300,000,0003% of the income
Above 300,000,0004% of the income

For banking companies

For Tax Year 2023 where income exceeds Rs. 300,000,00010% of the income

Rate of Super tax on high earning Specific Sectors (Section 4C)
For Tax year 2022 (where income exceeds Rs. 300 million)

Airlines, Automobiles, beverages, cement, chemicals, cigarette and tobacco, fertilizers, iron and steel, LNG terminals, oil marketing, oil refining, petroleum and gas exploration and production, pharmaceuticals, sugar, and textiles10% of the income

Section 150 (Dividend)

Dividend paid by IPPs where such dividend is a passthrough item under Implementation Agreement, or Power Purchase Agreement or Energy Purchase Agreement and is required to be reimbursed by Central Power Purchasing Agency.7.50%
Dividend from a company where no tax is payable by such company, due to exemption of income or carry forward of business losses under Part VIII of Chapter III or claim of tax credits under Part X of Chapter III25%
Mutual funds, Real Estate Investment Trust, and all other cases15%

Section 151 Profit on Debt
Section 7B (charging section for individual & AOP)

If profit on debt does not exceed Rs.5,000,00015%

Profit on debt exceeding Rs. 5,000,000 has been excluded from
Section 7B and to be taxed income under normal tax regime.

Section 150A & 5AA (return on investment in Sukuks)

Sukuk - Holder
AmountCompanyIndividual & AOP
Return is less than 1 million25%10%
Return above Rs. 1 million25%12.5%

Section 152 Payment to Non-resident

Royalty or Fee for technical services paid to nonresident15.00%
Payment for construction/advertisement contracts7.00%
Fee for offshore digital and other specified services10.00%
Insurance premium or reinsurance premium5.00%
Advertisement services relaying from outside Pakistan10%
Capital Gains SCRA, FCVA, NRVA10%
Amount other than above20.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident company for sale of goods4.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident non-company for sale of goods4.50%
For services as listed below*3.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident company for services other than as listed below*8.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident persons other than company for services other than as listed below*10.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident person for contracts7.00%
Payment to PE of a non-resident sportsperson10.00%
* Transport services, freight forwarding services, air cargo services, courier services, manpower outsourcing services, hotel services, security guard services, software development services, IT services and IT enabled services, tracking services, advertising services (other than print or electronic media), share registrar services, engineering services, car rental services, building maintenance services, services rendered by Pakistan Stock Exchange Limited and Pakistan Mercantile Exchange Limited inspection, certification, testing and training services, oilfield services. 

Section 153 Payment for goods, toll manufacturing and services

For sale of rice, cotton seed or edible oils1.50%
For sale of other goods including toll manufacturing services by company4.00%
For payment to distributors, dealers, sub-dealers, wholesalers and retailers of fast-moving consumer goods, fertilizer, electronics excluding mobile phones, sugar, cement, steel and edible oil if appearing on ATL issued under STA, 1990, ITO, 2001. Tier-1 Retailers integrated with FBR’s software for real time reporting. 0.25%
For sale of other goods including toll manufacturing services by persons other than company4.50%
For services as listed below*3.00%
For other service provided by Companies8.00%
For other service provided by non-Companies10.00%
For advertisement services of print and electronic media by a company1.50%
Exporter making payment for stitching, dying, printing, embroidery, washing, weaving and sizing1.00%
For sale of gold, silver, and articles1.00%
For execution of contracts by Companies6.50%
For execution of contracts by non-Companies7.00%
For Payments to sportsperson10.00%
* Transport services, freight forwarding services, air cargo services, courier services, manpower outsourcing services, hotel services, security guard services, software development services, IT services and IT enabled services as defined in section 2, tracking services, advertising services (other than print or electronic media), share registrar services, engineering services including architectural services, warehousing services, services rendered by asset management companies, data services provided under license issued by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, telecommunication infrastructure (tower) services, car rental services, building maintenance services, services rendered by Pakistan Stock Exchange Limited and Pakistan Mercantile Exchange Limited, inspection, certification, testing and training services, oilfield services, telecommunication services, collateral management services, travel and tour services, RIET management services, services rendered by National Clearing  Company of Pakistan Limited.

Section 154 Exports

Upon realization of foreign exchange proceeds from export of goods1.00%

Section 154A Payment for Export of Services

Exports proceeds of computer software or IT services or IT enabled services by persons registered with Pakistan Software Export Board.0.25% of the proceeds
 
Any other case1% of the proceeds

Section 155 Rent

For Individuals and AOPs where annual rent is less than or equal to Rs. 300,0000.00%
For Individuals and AOPs where annual rent is more than 300,000 but less than 600,0005% of the amount above 300,000
For Individuals and AOPs where annual rent is more than 600,000 but less than 2,000,00015,000 + 10% of the amount above 600,000
For Individuals and AOPs where annual rent exceeds 2,000,000155,000 + 25% of the amount above 2,000,000
For Companies15%

Section 156 Prizes and Winnings

Winnings from prize bond or cross word puzzle15.00%
Winnings from raffle, lottery, prize on quiz prize offered for sale promotion20.00%

Section 156-A Petroleum Products

Petroleum Products12.00%

Section 231-B Purchase of Car/Jeep

Engine capacity upto 850CC10,000
Engine capacity more than 851CC and less than 1,000CC20,000
Engine capacity more than 1,001CC and less than 1,300CC25,000
Engine capacity more than 1,301CC and less than 1,600CC50,000
Engine capacity more than 1,601CC and less than 1,800CC150,000
Engine capacity more than 1,801CC and less than 2,000CC200,000
Engine capacity more than 2,001CC and less than2,500CC300,000
Engine capacity more than 2,501CC and less than 3,000CC400,000
Engine capacity more than 3,000CC500,000
In cases where engine capacity is not applicable, and value of vehicle is Rs. 5 million or more
 
Imported vehicle3% of the import value as increased by customsduty, sales tax, and federal excise duty
Locally manufactured or assembled3% of the invoice value
Advance tax on transfer of private motor car/jeep
Engine capacity upto 850CC-
Engine capacity more than 851CC and less than 1,000CC5,000
Engine capacity more than 1,001CC and less than 1,300CC7,500
Engine capacity more than 1,301CC and less than 1,600CC12,500
Engine capacity more than 1,601CC and less than 1,800CC18,750
Engine capacity more than 1,801CC and less than 2,000CC25,000
Engine capacity more than 2,001CC and less than 2,500CC37,500
Engine capacity more than 2,501CC and less than 3,000CC50,000
Engine capacity more than 3,000CC62,500
In cases where engine capacity is not applicable, and value of vehicle is Rs. 5 million or more20,000
Locally manufactured motor vehicle sold prior to registration
Engine capacity upto 1000CC50,000
Engine capacity more than 1001CC and less than 2,000CC100,000
Engine capacity more than 2,001CC200,000

Section 233

In case commission is paid to advertising agent10.00%
In case commission is paid to life insurance agent receiving annual commission of less than 500,0008.00%
In all other cases12.00%

Section 234

For goods transport vehicleRs. 2.5/kg
For goods transport vehicle of 8120 KG or more and after ten years in PakistanRs. 1,200/Annum
Passenger transport vehicle plying for hire (four or more but less than ten passengers) 
- Non-air conditioned
- Air Conditioned
200/seat/annum
375/seat/annum
Passenger transport vehicle plying for hire (ten or more but less than twenty passengers) 
- Non-air conditioned
- Air Conditioned
500/seat/annum
750/seat/annum
Passenger transport vehicle plying for hire (more than twenty passengers) 
- Non-air conditioned
- Air Conditioned
1,000/seat/annum
1,500/seat/annum
For motor cars with engine capacity of upto 1000CC800
For motor cars with engine capacity of 1001-1199CC1,500
For motor cars with engine capacity of 1200-1299CC1,750
For motor cars with engine capacity of 1300-1499CC2,500
For motor cars with engine capacity of 1500-1599CC3,750
For motor cars with engine capacity of 1600-1999CC4,500
For motor cars with engine capacity of 2000CC and above10,000
For Lumpsum collection on motor vehicle:
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of upto 1000CC10,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 1001-1199CC18,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 1200-1299CC20,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 1300-1499CC30,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 1500-1599CC45,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 1600-1999CC60,000
For Private motor cars with engine capacity of 2000CC and above120,000

Section 235 Advance Tax on Electricity Bill

Gross amount of BillTax
For Commercial & Industrial Consumers 
Up to Rs. 5000
Exceeds Rs. 500 but does not exceed Rs. 20,00010% of the amount
Exceeds Rs. 20,000 – Commercial ConsumersRs. 1,950 plus 12% of the amount exceeding 20,000
Industrial ConsumersRs. 1,950 plus 5% of the amount exceeding 20,000
For Domestic Consumers (not appearing on Active Taxpayer List) 
Less than Rs. 25,0000
Rs. 25,000 or more7.5%
Section 235 Final tax from [Retailers (other than Tier-1) and specified services providers] through commercial electricity connections
Up to Rs. 30,000Rs. 3,000
30,001-50,000Rs. 5,000
50,001-100,000Rs. 10,000
Retailers and service providers as notified by FBRUpto Rs. 200,000

Section 236 Telephone Subcribers and Internet

For Mobile phone and/or internet subscribers10% for Tax Year 2020 and 8% onwards.
For other subscribers where monthly bill is more than 1,00010% of amount above 1,000

Section 236-A Auction Sales

Advance tax at the time of sale by auction of immovable property5.00%
Advance tax at the time of sale by auction of other then immovable property10.00% 

Section 236-C Sale of Property

Advance tax at the time of sale or transfer of immovable property2.00%

Section 236-CA TV plays and advertisement

Foreign produced TV drama serial or playRs. 1,000,000 per episode
Foreign Produced TV play (single episode)Rs. 3,000,000 
Advertisement starring foreign actorRs. 100,000 per second

Section 236-G Distributors

Advance tax on sale to distributors, dealers or wholesalers (fertilizers) appearing on ATL under ITO, 2001 and STA, 19900.25%
Advance tax on sale to distributors, dealers or wholesalers (fertilizers)-others0.70%
Advance tax on sale to distributors, dealers or wholesalers (other than fertilizers)0.10%

Section 236-H Retailers

Advance tax on sale to retailers0.5%

Section 236-K Purchase of Property

Advance tax on purchase of property2% of the fair market value

Section 236-Y Payment remitted abroad

Advance tax on amount remitted abroad through Debit, credit, or prepaid cards1% of gross amount remitted abroad


Rules for persons not appearing in the Active Taxpayers’ List Where tax is required to be deducted or collected from persons not appearing in the active tax payers’ list, the rate of tax required to be deducted or collected shall be increased by 100% of the normal rate.

However, 100% extra would not be applicable in following cases:

149Salary
152(1)Royalty & fee for technical services
152(1A(a)(b)Construction & related contracts (NR)
152(1A)(c) & (1AAA)Advertisement services payment (NR)
152(1AA)Insurance & reinsurance premium
152(1C)Off shore digital services (NR)
152(1D)Capital gain – SCRA
152(2)General payments except profit on debit covered under clause 5A and clause 5AA Part II, Second Schedule
154Exports & indenting commission
154AExports of services
235Electricity consumption
236Telephone and internet users


However, 100% extra would not be applicable in following cases:
 

SectionNature of Provision
148Imports
150Dividend
150AReturn on Sukuks
151Profit on debt
152(2)In case of payments covered under clause 5A and clause 5AA, Part II, Second Schedule
152(2A)(a), (b), (c)Goods, Services & Contract of PE
152AForeign produced commercials (NR)
153Supplies, services & Contracts
154AExports of services
155Rent from Immovable Property
156Prizes & Winning
156APetroleum Products
233Commission
234Tax on Motor Vehicles
236ASale by auction
236CSale of immovable property
236GSale to distribuitors, dealers and wholesalers
236HSales to retailers


200% extra is applicable in following cases:
 

231BPrivate Motor vehicles purchase, transfer & registration


250% extra is applicable in following cases:
 

236KPurchase of immovable property

 
FEDERAL
The Eleventh Schedule
 

Withholding AgentSupplier CategoryRate or extent of deduction
Federal and provincial government departments, Autonomous bodies and public sector organizationsActive Taxpayers1/5th of the Sales Tax as Shown on invoice
Companies as defined in the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001 (XLIX of 2001)
Federal and provincial government departments, Autonomous bodies and public sector organizationsActive Taxpayers registered as a wholesaler, dealer or distributor1/10th of Sales Tax as shown on invoice
Companies as defined in the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001 (XLIX of 2001)
Federal and provincial government departments; autonomous bodies; and public sector organizationsPersons other than active taxpayersWhole of the tax involved or as applicable to supplies on the basis of gross value of supplies
Companies as defined in the Income Tax Ordinance, 2001 (XLIX of 2001)
excluding companies exporting surgical instruments
Persons other than active taxpayers5% of gross value of supplies
Registered persons as recipient of advertisement servicesPerson providing advertisement servicesWhole of sales tax applicable
Registered persons purchasing cane molasses.Persons other than active taxpayersWhole of sales tax applicable
Registered persons manufacturing lead batteriesPersons supplying any kind of lead under chapter 78 (specified PCT Headings) or scrap batteries under chapter 85 (respective PCT headings)75% of the sales tax applicable
Online Market PlacePersons other than active taxpayers1% of the gross value of supplies (effective from date notified by FBR)


Exemptions
• Supplies made by active taxpayer as defined in STA 1990 to registered person except for advertisement services.
• Electrical energy
• Natural Gas
• Petroleum products as supplied by petroleum production and exploration companies, oil refineries, oil marketing companies and dealer of motor spirit and high-speed diesel.
• Vegetable ghee and cooking oil
• Telecommunication services
• Goods specified in 3rd Sch of ST Act, 1990
• Supplies made by commercial importers who paid VAT at time of import.
• Supply of sand, stone, gravel/crush and clay to low-cost housing schemes sponsored or approved by Naya Pakistan Housing and Development Authority.
 
PUNJAB

Withholding AgentRateAmount
Offices and departments of Federal Government100%S/Tax
Provincial government and local government, public sector projects100%S/Tax
Autonomous Bodies100%S/Tax
Public sector organization100%S/Tax
Organizations funded by budget of Fed/Prov. Government100%S/Tax
Recipient of advertisement services registered with PRA or FBR100%S/Tax
Company resident in Punjab100%S/Tax
Company having place of business in Punjab100%S/Tax
PRA registered persons receiving services from unregistered persons100%S/Tax


Exemptions
• Telecommunication
• Banking companies
• Courier Companies
• Insurance companies (other than re-insurance)
• Active Companies (Except Advertisement service providers)

SINDH

Withholding AgentRateAmount
Offices and departments of Federal Government20%S/Tax
Provincial Government and Local or District Government20%S/Tax
Autonomous Bodies20%S/Tax
Public sector organization20%S/Tax
Organizations funded by budget of fed/prov. government20%S/Tax
Company as defined in Sindh Sales tax Act, 201120%S/Tax
Registered persons receiving advertisement services (other than advertisement in newspapers and periodicals), auctioneers, renting of immovable property, intercity transport or carriage of goods by road (other than those through pipeline or conduit), advertising agent services from agents who issue release order or book advertisements space in relation to advertisement services. (Use tax fraction formula)100%S/Tax
SRB-registered persons or insurers receiving or procuring the services provided or rendered by insurance agents or insurance brokers100%S/Tax
Persons or passengers using the services of a cab aggregator in relation to the services provided or rendered by the owners or drivers of the motor vehicles using the services of the cab aggregators100%S/Tax
Withholding agent receiving taxable services from SRB registered persons where the amount of sales tax is not indicated on the invoice100%S/Tax
SRB registered persons receiving services from unregistered persons (use tax fraction formula)100%S/Tax
SRB registered persons receiving services from unregistered persons (use tax fraction formula)100%S/Tax


Proviso
Provided that a person shall be treated as withholding agent if a Person resident in Sindh or person has a place of business in Sindh 

Exemptions

• Telecommunication
• Banking companies
• Financial institutions, Insurance companies in relation to its services of life insurance (other than re-insurance)
• Port operator
• Airport operator
• Terminal operator
• Airport ground services
 
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA

Withholding AgentNature of services Rate of tax
withholding
• All Federal Government Departments and offices and The Departments and Offices of the Ministry of Defense.
• All Departments and Offices of the KPK and other provincial Government including District Government Departments
• Environment Department of the KPK Government and All Divisional Engineers of the Departments or Irrigation, Public Health Engineering and Communication & Works including the Local and District Government Departments.
• All public sector organizations, institutes, corporations, universities bodies, boards, projects, ventures entities, enterprises, Institutions authorities of the Federal, Provincial, District or Local Government including special purpose institutions 
• Companies as defined under sub-section (12) of section 2 of the Act including those located in the jurisdiction of or registered with any other tax authority for the purposes of payment of sales tax in respect of goods or services rendered or provided in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
• Advertisement services
• Services provided by un-registered persons or inactive/non-active persons
• Services provided or rendered to Federal or Provincial Government Departments or public sector institutions, organizations, entities, and projects etc.
• Services provided in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by persons from outside the province if such persons are not registered with the Authority.
• Services liable to tax under the Act at reduce rate (less than the standard rate of 15%).
100%
• all other cases not covered above






 
5%


Exemption:
The telecommunication services (excluding such services as are
provided or received by telecom companies to or from each other)
shall not be liable to withholding.
 
BALUCHISTAN

Withholding AgentRateAmount
Offices and departments of Federal Government (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Proincial Government and Local or District Government (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Autonomous Bodies (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Public sector organization (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Organizations funded by budget of fed/prov government (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Company (Registered including FBR)20%S/Tax
Registered persons receiving advertisement services (other than advertisement in newspapers and periodicals), auctioneers, renting of immovable property, intercity transport or carriage of goods by road, services from non-filers or unregistered persons or Persons not resident in Pakistan, services from registered person where invoice does not show sales tax 100%S/Tax


Proviso
Provided that a person shall be treated as withholding agent if a
Person resident in Balochistan or person has a place of business in
Balochistan
Exemptions
• Telecommunication
• Banking companies
• Financial institutions, Insurance companies (other than reinsurance)
• Port operator
• Airport operator
• Terminal operator
• Airport ground services
 DIS-CLAIMER: 
The above rates are for general guidance purposes only and should not be construed as a legal provision.
The rate card is carefully prepared but no responsibility is taken for the accuracy of this rate card.
These rates are subject to revision by authorities from time  to time.

Share:

About the Author

Written by the expert legal team at Javid Law Associates. Our team specializes in corporate law, tax compliance, and business registration services across Pakistan.

Verified Professional 25+ Years Experience
Legal Experts Online

Need Expert Legal Counsel?

Free Session Secure & Private

Typical response time: Under 5 minutes